(完整版)主谓一致用法总结

        主谓一致用法总结I.主谓一致定义II.谓语受主语支配，和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这叫做主谓一致。III.例:Myfavoritefoodisnoodles.II.主谓一致的重要原则•语法原则•意义原则•就近一致

        （一）语法一致IV.顾名思义，即谓语在语法角度上与主语保持一致，不考虑主语的意义。V.以单数名词或代词，动词不定式短语作主语时，谓语动词要用单数;主语为复数时，谓语用复数。

        例如：注意：不定式及动名词作主语时，谓语动词单数。E.g.2)由and或both……and连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如：Bothyouandheareright.Mr.andMrs.BrownhaveasoncalledTom.但并列主语如果指的是同一人，同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数。

        例如：Thepoetandwriterhaswrittenlotsofbooks.Thepoetandthewriterhavecome.可通过名词前定冠词来判断。3)由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each,every修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：Noweverymanandeverywomanhastherighttoreceiveeducation.4)主语后面跟有but,except,besides,with，togetherwith等介词短语时，谓语动词仍用与主语（即前面的词语）保持一致。

        例如：Theteacherwithhisstudentsisgoingtohaveapicnicinthepark.Thestudentswiththeteacheraregoingtohaveapicnicinthepark.Nobodybuttwoboyswaslateforclass.5)集合名词作主语谓语动词要用复数。如people,police,cattle,clothes等。集合名词指可用来指称一群对象的词语，这些对象可以是人、动物、或是一群概念等事物。

        常见集合名词：people,police,cattle,goods,clothes等。e.g.Thepolicearelookingforhim.•有些集合名词如class,team,group,family根据其表达意义不同，单复数用法也不同。当表示整体概念时，用单数；表示整体中的人员时，用复数。

        e.g.Ourfamilyisabigone.我有个大家庭。OurfamilywatchTVtogethereveryevening.我们家人每晚一起看电视。6)有两部分构成的物体的名词，如glasses,trousers,chopsticks,scissors等作主语时,谓语动词用复数。

        例如：Yourtrousersaredirty.You’dbetterchangethem.但如果这类名词前用了apairof,谓语动词的单复数形式则取决于pair的单复数形式。例如：Mynewpairofsocksisveryexpensive.练习I

        (一)选择最佳答案。1.E-mail,aswellastelephones,____veryimportantinourdailylife.A.isB.haveC.areD.has2.Myshirt_____whiteandmytrousers_____blue.A.are;areB.are;isC.is;isD.is;are3.NobodybutJane_______thesecret.A.knowB.knowsC.haveknownD.isknown4.Theysaidtheeighteenthandlastlesson_______quiteeasy.A.isB.wasC.areD.were二)填空1.Thefamilyisaveryhappyone.(be)2.Thefootballteamarehavingabath.(be)3.Thepoliceweresearchingforthemurdererlastnight.(be)4.FewlibrariesareasmodernasBeijingLibrary.(be)5.Thepairofglasseswithametalframeisbeautifulbutexpensive.(be)6.Bothriceandcottongrowhere.(grow)

        (二)意义一致谓语在语言意义上与主语保持一致，不考虑主语的单复数语法形式。

        (1)表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。例如：Tenyearsisalongtime.Twohundreddollarsistoomuchforhim.2)由all,most,more,some,any,none,therest及分数或百分数“+of+名词”作主语时，谓语要以of后面的名词而定。名词是复数，谓语用复数：名词是单数，谓语用单数。

        例如：Alloftheworkhasbeenfinished.Allofthepeoplearefriendlytome.Halfofthedoctorsherearewomen.Three–fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearthissea.3)以“定冠词+形容词”作主语如果指的是一类人，谓语动词用复数；如果指的是一个人或抽象概念，谓语动词用单数。例如：Thesickhavebeencuredandthelosthavebeenfound.Thedeadisafamousperson.练习II1.Howtimeflies!Tenyears________passed.A.haveB.hasC.isD.are2.Mostofthehouses_______thisyear.A.hasbuiltB.havebuiltC.hasbeenbuiltD.havebeenbuilt1.Howtimeflies!Tenyears________passed.A.haveB.hasC.isD.are2.Mostofthehouses_______thisyear.A.hasbuiltB.havebuiltC.hasbeenbuiltD.havebeenbuilt3._____ofthelandinthatdistrict_____coveredwithtreesandgrass.A.Twofifth;isB.Twofifth;areC.Twofifths;isD.Twofifths;are4.About60percentofthestudents_____fromthesouth.Therestofthem_____fromthenorthandforeigncountries.A.are/isB.are/areC.is/areD.is/is3._____ofthelandinthatdistrict_____coveredwithtreesandgrass.A.Twofifth;isB.Twofifth;areC.Twofifths;isD.Twofifths;are4.About60percentofthestudents_____fromthesouth.Therestofthem_____fromthenorthandforeigncountries.A.are/isB.are/areC.is/areD.is/is三)就近一致

        (1)即谓语的单复数由距离其最近的句子成分来决定。1通常遵循就近原则的词或词组有：or,either…or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso。

        例：EitheryouorIamright.Neithermysisternormybrotherslikethemovie.2)Therebe句型使用就近原则。•Therearesevendwarfsandabeautifulladylivingintheforest.VI.Therehasbeenayearandsevendayssinceheleft.

        (一)选出最佳答案1.Notonlyhisparentsbutalsohisbrother______d__totheSummerPalace.Theyhaven’tbeenback.A.havebeenB.havegoneC.hasbeenD.hasgone2.Neithermyfather__a______goingtoseethepatient.A.norIamB.norIareC.ormeareD.ormeis3.____d__Helen______JoanspeaksbeautifulChineseaftertheycametoChina.A.Neither;norB.Notonly;butalsoC.Both;andD.AandB4.___d____ofthemhashisownopinion.A.BothB.SomeC.EveryD.Each5.Nobodybuttwostudents____a__leftintheclassroom.A.isB.areC.hasD.have6.Three-fourthsofthehomework______today.A.hasfinishedB.hasbeenfinishedC.havefinishedD.havebeenfinished7.Manypeoplesay10,000_______alotofmoney.A.dollarisB.dollarsareC.dollarsisD.dollarare8.Thepolice_______soon.A.iscomingB.arecomingC.hascomeD.havecome6.Three-fourthsofthehomework_b_____today.A.hasfinishedB.hasbeenfinishedC.havefinishedD.havebeenfinished7.Manypeoplesay10,000___c____alotofmoney.A.dollarisB.dollarsareC.dollarsisD.dollarare8.Thepolice_____b__soon.A.iscomingB.arecomingC.hascomeD.havecome9.-WhenareyougoingtoKunmingforyourholidays?-Ihaven’tdecided.______thisSunday______nextSundayisOK.A.Both;andB.Either;orC.Neither;norD.Notonly;butalso10.EveryoneexceptTomandJohn_____therewhenthemeetingbegan.A.isB.wasC.areD.were9.-WhenareyougoingtoKunmingforyourholidays?-Ihaven’tdecided.______thisSunday______nextSundayisOK.A.Both;andB.Either;orC.Neither;norD.Notonly;butalso10.EveryoneexceptTomandJohn_____therewhenthemeetingbegan.A.isB.wasC.areD.were11.Mostofthehouses_______thisyear.A.hasbuiltB.havebuiltC.hasbeenbuiltD.havebeenbuilt12.There_____alotofgoodnewsintoday’snewspaper.A.isB.areC.wasD.wereVII.