主谓一致知识点总结 主谓一致语法知识点

        主谓一致知识点总结togetherwithalongwithbut,(unlike)except,includingbesides;aswellas4.Afamousdoctortogetherwithsomenurses,_________tohelpus.A.havesentB.hassentC.hasbeensentD.havebeensent5.Nooneexceptmyparents_______aboutit.A.knowB.knowsC.knowingD.toknow

        三、manya(n.),morethanone+单数名词+动词单数形式（许多）6.Manyastudent______collectingstamps.A.likeB.likingC.islikeD.likes7.Morethanonestudent_______(have)beentoBeiJing.

        四、Each,any,every,thenumberof,either,neither,no…andno…,no…,each…andeach…,every…andevery…后跟单数名词，谓语动词也用

        五、The+adj.(形容词名词化)指人，谓语用复数，指事用单数。11.Thewounded________(have)beensenttohospital.12.Theunusual__________(be)whathelikes.13.Thepoor_________(not,have)enoughfood.

        六、none作主语时，若代表可数名词其谓语用单数，也可用复数none作主语时，若代表不可数名词其谓语用单数。14.Noneofus_______(have)adictionary.15.Noneofthem_________(like)theplay.16.Noneofthework________(have)beendone.

        七、What,which,who,any,more,most,all等作主语时，其谓语动词可以用单数也可以用复数，主要根据句子单复数来定。

        17.Which________(be)yourdictionaries.18.Which________(be)yourroom.19.All_________(go)well.

        八、表示时间、重量、长度、价值等的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。20.OnehundredLi________(be)coveredinsinglenight.21.Twentydollarsaweek________(be)thetotaloftheirincome.22.Twohours________(be)enoughtodothework.23.Thenettwodays_______(be)fullofhappiness.

        九、不可数名词前若有表数量的复数名词，当其作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。24.Fifteentonsofwheat_______(have)beenburnt.25.Threebagsofrice_________(be)100dollars.

        十、在定语从句中谓语动词应和先行词保持一致。

        26.Iwastheonlypeosoninmyfamilywho________(be)invited.27.Iwasoneofthepersonsinmyfamilywho________(be)invited.十

        一、clothes,trousers,shoes作主语时谓语动词用复数.Apairof(thispairof)+复数名词：谓语动词用单数。28.Thispairofglasses________(be)worth100dollars.29.Whenclothes________(be)washed,theydon’t’tdryeasilyinwinter.十

        二、apieceofakindof+n.谓语动词用单数。atypeofpiecesofkindsof+n.谓语动词用复数。

        typesof十

        三、Anumberof+名词复数：谓语用复数。Thenumberof+名词复数：谓语动词用单数。30.Anumberofstudents_______(be)playingontheplayground.31.Thenumberofstudents_________(be)sixty.十

        四、all,some,half,alot,plenty,any,part,therest,most,…percentof+名词作主语，若of后的名词是复数，谓语动词用复数；若of后的名词是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。

        32.Allofthework________(have)beendone.33.Therestofthestudents_______(be)stillintheclassroom.34.Partofthevillagers_______(work)inthefactories.35.Seventypercentofthework________(be)donebychildren.36.Fiftypercentofthestudentsinourschool________(be)boys.十

        五、学科名词如：physics,maths,politics,等以“s”结尾的名词作主语时，谓语用单数。37.Physics_________(be)veryinteresting.38.Politics__________(be)veryimportant.十

        六、倒装句的主谓一致：39.Oneachsideofthestreet________alotoftrees.A.aregrownB.isstandingC.growsD.stands40.Here______twobuses.A.comeB.comesC.iscomingD.goes41.Onthewall______famouspaintings.A.haveB.areC.isD.has十

        七、当family，team，class等表示集体概念时用单数单数，但指“人”时用复数.42.MyfamilyaswellasI________gladtoseeyou.A.wasB.isC.areD.am43.Myfamily_______ahappyone.A.areB.wasC.wereD.is44.Thewholeclass_______greatlymovedathiswords.A.wasB.wereC.hadD.is十

        八、当each放在句首时是代词，用单数；但当each放在句中或句尾时是副词，谓语与主语一致。45.Eachofus________(have)anewpen.46.They________(have)anewpeneach.47.Theyeach________(have)anewpen.十

        九、用and连接的两个单数名词前分别有every,no时，谓语用单数。

        48.Bothwheatandrice________growninthatcountry.A.isB.areC.wasD.has49.Noteacherandnostudent_______allowedtotouchthemachine.A.areB.wereC.isD.has50.Everyflowerandeverybush_______tobecutdown.A.isB.areC.wereD.will51.Eachmanandeachwoman_______askedtoattendthemeeting.A.areB.isC.hasD.were二

        十、all在句中作主语，指物时用单数，指人时用复数。52.Allbuthimandme_______tothecinema.A.aregoingB.isgoingC.wasgoingD.hasgone53.Allofthefruit_______ripe.A.looksB.lookC.lookedD.looking54.Allbutone_________herejustnow.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.wereelearnEnglish.(主语是复数形式,谓语也采取复数形式)但主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致的问题远不只上述的那么简单,有许多方面的情况需要去具体地对待:

        1、不定式,动名词,以及从句作主语时应看作单数,谓语动词用单数.例如:ReadingaloudishelpfultolearnEnglish.大声朗读对学习英语是有帮助的。Whathesaidhasbeenrecorded.他说的话已被录音了.

        2、不定代词one,every,each,everybody,everyone,oneof,noone,nothing,nobody,someone,somebody,either,neither,manya等作主语或是修饰主语时应看作单数,谓语动词用单数.但none作主语时,谓语动词既可用单数也可用复数,这要取决于说话人的看法。

        例如:Neitherofmysisterslikessports.我的妹妹中没人喜欢运动.Everyboyandgirlshowsgreatinterestinthisbook.每个男孩和女孩对这本书都表现出很大的兴趣.

        3、表示国家,机构,事件,作品等名称的专有名词作主语时应看作单数,谓语动词用单数.例如:OneThousandAndOneNightstellspeoplelotsofinterestingstories.《一千零一夜》给人们讲了许多有趣的故事。

        4、akindof,thenumberof等与名词构成名词短语作主语时应看作单数,谓语动词用单数.例如:Thenumberofworkersinthefactoryis400.这个工厂里工人的数量是400.Akindofroseinthegardensmellsverypleasant.这座花园里有一种玫瑰香气怡人.

        5、由some,several,both,few,many,anumberof等词修饰主语,或是由它们自身作主语时应看作复数,谓语动词用复数.另外,由and连接两个主语时,谓语一般用复数.例如:Ontheseashore,somepeopleareplayingvolleyball海边,有些人在打排球。Bothofusarefondofwatchingfootballgames.我们俩都喜欢看足球赛.Anumberofwill-begraduatesarevoluntarilygoingtoworkintheWestofChina.许多即将毕业的学生打算自愿去中国西部工作.

        6、有些表示数量的百分数,分数等后面加名词或代词作主语时,要根据这个名词或代词来决定其谓语动词的单复数形式.如:alotof,mostof,anyof,halfof,threefifthsof,eightypercentof,someof,noneof,therestof,allof等后接不可数名词,或是单数形式的名词作主语时应看作单数,谓语动词用单数;但如果后接可数名词的复数形式作主语时应看作复数,谓语动词用复数.例如:Alotofmoneyintheshopwasstolenyesterday.昨天那家商店丢失了许多钱.AlotofstudentsarefromEnglandintheschool.那个学校里很多学生来自英国。

        二、意义一致这一原则是指,从意义着眼来解决主谓一致问题.有时主语形式上为单数,但意义上却是复数,那么谓语依意义也用复数形式;而有时主语形式上为复数,但意义上却是单数,那么谓语依意义亦用单数形式.1)当主语后面接由but,except,besides,aswellas,asmuchas,including,morethan,nolessthan,ratherthan,togetherwith等引导的词组时,其谓语动词的单复数形式通常由前面的词来决定。在这样的句子里,这些词所引导的词组不影响主语自身的单,复数形式,它们在句子里其实是状语.例如:Theteacher,withallhisstudents,isgoingtohaveapicnicthisweekend.老师打算这个周末与学生们一起去野炊.Thestudents,togetherwiththeirteacher,aregoingtohaveapicnicthisweekend.学生们打算这个周末与他们的老师一起去野炊.我们完全可以将上面句子中的那些词组都分别搬到句首或是放到句末去,因为它们在句子里是状语:Thestudentsaregoingtohaveapicnicthisweekendtogetherwiththeirteacher.2)表示时间,金钱,距离,体积,重量,面积,数字等词语作主语时,，谓语动词常用单数形式。如：Eighthoursofsleepisenough.八小时的睡眠足够了。

        Twentyyearsstandsforalongperiodinone'slife.二十年在人的一生里意味着一个很长的时期.3)形容词前加定冠词即“the+形容词”作主语时,其意义若是指个人或是抽象概念应看作单数,谓语动词用单数;指一类人则应该看作是复数,那么谓语动词也应该用复数.例如:Thesickhereareverywellcaredfor.这里的病人都被照顾得很好。Thetrueistobedistinguishedfromthefalse.真实与虚假应加以区别。4)由and连接的两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词一般根据语法一致的原则用复数。

        但如果在意义上指同一个人、同一件事或同一个概念时，谓语动词要用单数形式。如：Thewriterandteacheriscoming.那位作家兼教师来了。(作家和教师指同一个人)Thewriterandtheteacherarecoming.作家和老师来了。

        (作家和老师是两个人)5)集体名词作主语时,谓语动词的数取决于主语的意义:主语表示整体时视为单数,谓语动词用单数;主语表示集体中的个体成员时视为复数,谓语动词用复数.这类集体名词常见的有:army,class,club,crowd,family,government,group,people,police,public,team等.例如:Thefamilyareallfondoffootball.那一家人都喜欢足球.Thefamilyisthetiniestcellofthesociety.家庭是社会的最小的细胞.6)一些形式为复数,意思为单数的名词,如:trousers,pants,shorts,glasses,等作主语时,谓语动词用复数.如:Herglassesarenew.她的眼镜是新的.但当这类名词前有apairof修饰时,谓语动词应用单数.如:ThispairoftrousersismadeinHangzhou.

        三、就近原则这一原则是指,谓语动词的人称和数常常与最近作主语的词语保持一致.常出现在这类句子中的连词有:or,either…or…,neither…nor…,notonly…butalso…等.例如:EitherIortheyareresponsiblefortheresultofthematter.不是我,就是他们要对那件事的结局负责任.Neitherhisfamilynorheknowsanythingaboutit.他全家人和他都不知道那件事.常见考法对于主谓一致的考查，通常会以单选的形式出现，多是让我们选择合适的谓语动词。典型例题：Thefactory,includingitsmachinesandbuildings,__________burntlastnight.A.isB.areC.wereD.was解析：but,except,besides,with,togetherwith,alongwith,including,aswellas,ratherthan,like等词连接主语时，谓语动词和前面的主语保持一致,本题中就是和Thefactory保持一致。而这些词所引导的词组不影响主语自身的单,复数形式,它们在句子里其实是状语.答案：D误区提醒主谓一致这一知识点比较琐碎，在运用中常会因为考虑不全面而出错，所以我们必须把每一种用法记住，灵活运用。

        尤其要注意就近原则、集体名词和百分数,分数短语作主语的情况。典型例题：EitherJaneorSteven_____watchingTVnow.A.wereB.isC.wasD.are解析：本题考查的是就近原则。either…or…,neither…nor…,notonly…butalso…连接两个主语时，谓语动词的人称和数常常与最近作主语的词语保持一致。

        本题中就是和Steven保持一致。有now.可知是现在进行时，排除A和C.答案：BNeitherInorheisfavorofhermarrige.Eithermygrandsonsortheirfatheriscoming.Thereisaboyandtwogirlsintheclassroom..→Therearetwogirlsandaboyintheclassroom.2.aswellas/alongwith/like/togetherwith/ratherthan/accept/including/accompainiedby/besides/inadditionto…等词跟在主语后边，不看作是并列主语，其谓语动词的形式看前面主语，即就前一致原则3.主语为复数

        （1）可数名词复数

        （2）由both…and…连接或and连接表不同物.

        （3）集合名词作主语.如people,cattle,police.

        （4）the+adj.表一类人.

        （5）the+姓氏表一家人.

        （6）oneortwo+n.(pl)表一两个.

        （7）某些专有名词作主语。如theolympics.4.主语为单数

        （1）and连接两个并列主语表同一物、同一概念或不可分割的两个事物.

        （2）each,every,no等词修饰主语.

        （3）不定代词作主语.

        （4）oneandahalf+n.(pl.)作主语.

        （5）either/neither/each/everyone/anyof+可数名词作主语(pl.).

        （6）manya/morethanone+可数名词作主语

        （7）抽象名词作主语：V-ing,to不定式，主语从句作主语

        （8）主语是时间、金钱、度量、距离

        （9）主语是书名、戏剧名、报刊、杂志、国家、地名一致。

        例如：Bothboyshavetheirownmerits.Fewstudentsarereallylazy.Eachboyhashisownbook.Everygirlcomesontime.Eitheransweriscorrect.Mucheffortiswasted.2.意义一致和就近原则有时，主语和谓语动词的一致关系并非取决于语法上的单、复数形式，而是取决于主语的单、复数意义：比如有时主语在语法形式上并非复数，但有复数意义，随后的动词便用复数；反之主语在语法形式上是复数，而在意义上可视为单数，随后的动词也用单数，这种一致关系叫意义一致。例如：Fifteenmilesseemslikealongwalktome.Fifty-sixdollarswasstolenfromthecashregister.(现金出纳机)有时，谓语动词的单、复数形式决定于最靠近它的词语(主要指名词)的单、复数形式，这种一致关系叫就近原则。例如：Eithermybrotherormyfatheriscoming.NeitherJulianorIamgoing.3.以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题1>以-ics结尾的学科名称某些以-ics结尾的学科名称，如physics(物理学)，mathematics(数学)，mechanics(机械学)，optics(气学)，acoustics(声学)，politics(政治学)，statistics(统计学)，economics(经济学)，linguistics(语言学)，tactics(兵法)，athletics(体育学)等，通常作单数用。

        例如：Acousticsisthescienceofsound.2>以-s结尾的地理名称某些以-s结尾的地理名称，如果是国名，如theUnitedStates(美国)，theUnitedNations(联合国)，theNetherlands(荷兰)等系单一政治实体，用作单数。但若不是国名，而是群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布等地理名称，如theWestIndies(西印度群岛)，theHimalayas(喜马拉雅山脉)，theStraitsofGibraltar(直布罗陀海峡)等，用作复数。例如：TheNiagaraFalls(尼亚加拉大瀑布)areperhapsthemostfamouswaterfallintheworld.3>其他以-s结尾的名词凡是由-ings结尾的名词，如clippings(剪下来的东西)，diggings(掘出的东西)，earnings(收入)，filings(锉屑)，lodgings(租住的房间)，surroundings(环境)，sweepings(扫拢的垃圾)等，通常用作复数。

        例如：Theclippingsofthehedgesareusuallyburt.但也有例外，如tidings(消息)既可作复数，也可作单数。Goodtidingshavecheeredthemup.Thetidingshascomealittletoolate.4.以集体名词作主语的主谓一致问题1>通常作复数的集体名词，如police，people，cattle，militia，poultry(家禽)，vermin(害虫)等，谓语动词用复数。例如：Suchverminasbugsandratsarehardtogetridof.2>通常作不可数名词的集体名词，如foliage，machinery，equipment，furniture，merchandise(商品)等，谓语动词用单数。

        例如：Themerchandisehasarrivedundamaged.3>既可作单数也可作复数的集体名词，如audience，committee，class，crew(全体船员或机组人员)，family，government，public等，如将该名词表示的集体视为一个整体，则动词用单数。例如：Thatgroupofsoldiersisatop-notchfightingunit.Thatgroupofsoldiershavethebestratingsofindividualperformance.4>Acommittee,etcof+复数名词如果主语是由“acommitteeof/apanelof/a(the)boardof+复数名词”构成，随后的动词用单数。例如：Apanelofdistinguishedpeoplehasbeenchosentojudgethiscompetition.ExerciseASelectanappropriatenumberforminbrackets:1.Theirearnings(comes,come)to500dollarsaweek.2.Tidings(has,have)comethattheBritishwarshipwassunk.3.Thispairoftrousers(costs,cost)fiftydollars.4.TheNewYorkTimes(is,are)publisheddaily.5.TheBritishpolice(has,have)onlyverylimitedpowers.6.Thatgreenfoliage(was,were)restful.7.Thegovernment(is,are)doingitsbesttoboostproduction.8.Thegovernment(has,have)discussedthematterforalongtimebuttheyhaveshownnosignsofreachinganagreement.9.Thefootballteam(is,are)beingorganized.10.Thefootballteam(is,are)havingbathsand(is,are)thencomingbackherefortea.11.Thatfamily(is.are)averyhappyone.12.Theaudience(is,are)listeningtoaBeethovensymphony.13.Theclass(is,are)takingnotes,(its,their)pensscribblingquicklyover(its,their)exercisebooks.14.Canyouseethathugeflockofbirdsinthedistance?(It,They)(is,are)comingthisway.15.Poultry(is,are)dearinthecity.16.Thepublic(was,were)convincedofhisinnocence.5.以并列结构作主语的主谓一致问题1>由or/nor/either…or/neither…nor/notonly…butalso连接的并列结构作主语，随后的动词形式按照“就近原则”。

        例如：Eithermyfatherormybrothersarecoming.Notonlytheswitchesbutalsotheoldwiringhasbeenchanged.2>主语+asmuchas/ratherthan/morethan/nolessthan等引导的从属结构，随后的动词形式依主语本身的单复数而定。例如：Someoftheworkersasmuchasthemanagerwereresponsiblefortheloss.3>主语+aswellas/inadditionto/with/alongwith/togetherwith/except等引导的词组时，其后的动词形式取决于主语本身的单复数。例如：Thefather,aswellashissons,isgoingtoenroll.Nooneexcepttwogirlswaslatefordinner.Thebarn,inadditiontothehouse,wasburned.6.以表示数量概念的名词词组作主语的主谓一致问题1>如果数量概念被看作一个整体，动词用单数；如果被看作组成该数量的个体,则动词用复数。

        例如：Fifteenmilesseemslikealongwalktome.Theselastthreeyearshavebeenfullofsurprises.2>如果作主语的名词词组是由“分数(或百分数)+of–词组”构成，其动词形式依of-词组中名词类别而定。例如：Twothirdsoftheswampland(沼泽地)hasbeenreclaimed(开垦).Oversixtypercentofthecitywasdestroyedinthewar.Thirty-fivepercentofthedoctorswerewomen.3>两数相减或相除，动词用单数；两数相加或相乘，动词可用单数，也可用复数。例如：Fortyminusfifteen(40-15)leavestwenty-five.Fortydividedbyeight(40÷8)isfive.Sevenandfive(7+5)makes/maketwelve.Fivetimeseight(5*8)is/areforty.4>如果主语由onein/oneoutof+复数名词构成，在正式语体中，动词用单数。

        例如：Oneintenstudentshasfailedtheexam.Oneoutoftwentywasbadlydamaged.5>如果主语是allof…，someof…，noneof…，halfof…，mostof…，lotsof…，heapsof…，loadsof…，plentyof…等表示非确定数量的名词词组时，其后的动词形式依of-词组中的名词类别而定。例如：Allofthecargowaslost.Allofthecrewweresaved.Lotsoffoodisgoingtowaste.Lotsofpeoplearewaitingoutside.6>如果主语是由aportionof，aseriesof，apileof，apanelof，akind/sort/typeof，thiskind/sort/typeof+名词构成，动词用单数。例如：Aseriesofaccidentshasbeenreported.Thiskindofapplesishighlypriced.7>如果主语是由manya/morethanone+名词构成，动词用单数。

        例如：Manyamanhasdonehisduty.Morethanonegamewaslost.7.分句中的主谓一致问题1>以名词性wh-分句作主语用what,who,why,weather,how等wh-词引导的名词性分句作主语，其后动词用单数。例如：Whatcausedtheaccidentisacompletemystery.2>关系分句中的主谓一致问题在oneof+复数名词+关系分句结构中，动词用复数形式。例如：Joanisoneofthosepeoplewhogooutoftheirwaytobehelpful.如果在这类结构之前有定冠词the或者有theonly等限定词，动词用单数形式。

        例如：Kevesistheonlyoneoftheplayerswhohaslearnedalltheplays.3>Therebe句型中，谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于其后的主语。主语是单数，动词用单数；主语是复数，动词用复数。例如：Therearethreeroutesyoucantake.Thereisanoteleftonthedesk.ExerciseBSelectanappropriateverbformfromthetwogiveninbrackets.1.Milkingthecows,inadditiontoseveralotherchores,(was,were)hisresponsibility.2.Eachmenandeachwomanthere(is,are)askedtohelp.3.NeitherLucynorCarol(has,have)anymoneyleft.4.Notonlyone,butall,ofus(is,are)hopingtobethere.5.Theocean,aswellasthegulfandthebay,(provides,provide)goodfishing.6.John,ratherthanhisroommates,(is,are)toblame.7.Twomoredollars(is,are),missingfromthemorning.8.Thiskindofcars(is,are)highlypriced.9.Anumberofpages(is,are)badlytorn.10.Thenumberofpagesassignedfordailyreading(was,were)graduallyincreasedtotwelve.11.Allofthefruit(looks,look)ripe.12.Manyapersoninthesecircumstances(has,have)hopedforalongbreak.13.Everyman,woman,andchild(was,were)askedtocontribute.14.Fivetimesseven(is,are)thirty-five.15.Twenty-fivefromthirty-one(leaves,leave)six.16.Fiveandeight(is,are)thirteen.17.Sixsevens(is,are)forty-two.18.Three-quartersofthearea(is,are)cultivated.19.Thesetypeofcars(is,are)inexpensive,20.Theyoung(is,are)notalwaysromantic.21.Whowasresponsiblefortheseaccidents(is,are)notyetclear.22.Toknowmerelythemainfacts(is,are)notenough.23.She’stheonlyoneofthesewomenwho(pays,play)bridgewell.24.There(is,are)morethanonememberwho(has,have)protestedagainsttheproposal.一致以及就近一致几个方面。

        考点：1.谓语动词用单数的情况2.谓语动词用复数的情况3.谓语动词单复数视情况而定4.“名词(或代词)＋介词短语”作主语时的主谓一致5.“名词(或代词)＋of＋名词”作主语时的主谓一致6.定语从句中的主谓一致7.就近原则&就前原则解析：

        一、语法一致原则：主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致：主语是单数形式，谓语也采取单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语亦采取复数形式。Thenumberoferrorswassurprising.Weloveourmotherland.规则：1.由and,both…and连接两个单数名词谓语用复数，但当and连接的两个名词指同一个人，同一物，同一事，同一概念时谓语用单数。Bothbreadandbutterwereservedforbreakfastinthishotel.Theteacherandwriterisgoingtogiveusatalk.2.由and连接的前置并列修饰语+不可数名词做主语时，谓语用复数。

        Goodandbadmeatinthemarketaresoldout.3.凡由and连接两个带the(a或物主代词)的单数可数名词，谓语用复数，如果只有前一个名词带the(a或物主代词)则谓语用单数。Theprofessorandthewriterhavepublishedafewnewbooksonradio.Thetenthandlastchapteriswrittenbyayoungman.4.every/each/no修饰单数名词，以及and连接的两个有every/each/no修饰的单数名词做主语时，谓语用单数形式。如：Everyboyandeverygirlishavingsportsnow.5.“morethanone/manya＋单数名词”做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

        如：Morethanonestudenthasfailedtheexam.6.“one＋单数名词andahalf”做主语时，谓语动词可用单数形式，也可用复数形式，如：Hesaidthatoneandahalfapplesisenough.7.不可数名词、动名词、不定式、从句等做主语时，谓语通常用单数。Muchmilkisofferedtohim.ReadingaloudisveryimportantinlearningEnglish.Tonodone’sheadmeansagreement.Whattheysaidistrue.8.不定代词either,each,one,another,anyone,anybody,noone,nobody,someone,somebody,anything,nothing,something,everything,everyone,everybody,neither等做主语时，谓语用单数，none做主语时，谓语单复数均可。Thereisnothingwrongwiththemachine.Eitheroftheshirtsfitsmeverywell.Noneofthefarmershas(have)beenabroad.9.在四则运算中谓语单复数均可。

        Threeandfouris(are)seven.Twotimestenis(are)twenty.10.当alotof,lotsof,plentyof,agreatquantityof等短语做主语时，谓语与of后的名词保持一致。Thereareplentyofeggsinthebasket.Lotsofmeathasbeensoldout.考例：Asaresultofdestroyingtheforests,alarge_______ofdesert______coveredtheland.Anumber,hasBquantity,hasCnumber,haveDquantity,have(key:B)11.当分数或百分数+名词做主语时，谓语与后面的名词保持一致。Threefourthsofthesurfaceoftheearthiscoveredwithwater.70percentofpeoplehaveknownaboutthetruth.考例：_______ofthelandinthatdistrict_______coveredwithtreesandgrass.ATwofifth,isBTwofifth,areCTwofifth,isDTwofifths,are(key:C)12.“anumberof，agreat/goodmany，agroupof+复数名词做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，”thenumberof+复数名词做主语时，谓语用单数形式。

        Thenumberofbooksisnomorethan100,butanumberofthemisoflittleuse.考例：Thenumberofpeopleinvited______fifty,butanumberofthem______absentfordifferentreasons.Awere,wasBwas,wasCwas,were，Dwere,were(keyC)agreatdealof,alargeamountof修饰不可数名词，其短语做主语时，谓语动词通常用单数；largeamountsof修饰不可数名词，其短语做主语时，谓语动词通常用复数，例如：Alargeamountof(Agreatdealof)damagewasdoneinaveryshorttime.Largeamountsofmoneywerespentonthebridge.13.在oneof+复数名词+定语从句中如关系代词做主语引导定语从句时，谓语根据先行词来判断，若是oneof结构，定语从句用复数，若是the(only)oneof结构，定语从句用单数。ZhouXiaisoneofthegirlswholikehiking.TianLiliistheonlyoneofthegirlswhohaspassedtheexam.考例：Heistheonlyofthestudentswho_______awinnerofscholarshipforthreeyears.AisBareChavebeenDhasbeen(keyD)

        二、意义一致原则:取决于主语所表达的内在含义。只要确定句子的主语是单数意义，则谓语用单数；句子的主语是复数意义，则谓语用复数。

        例如：Thecrowdwerefightingfortheirlives.Threeyearsinastrangelandseemslikealongtime.规则：1.由and连接的两个疑问代词、不定式、动名词做主语时，根据意义一致的原则确定单复数。Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory________yet.AisnotdecidedBarenotdecidedChasnotdecidedDhavenotdecided(key:A)2.不可数名词做主语，一律视为单数。以¬s结尾的国名、地名、机构名，书名，如：theUnitedStates,theUnitedNations等做主语，视为单数；有些不可数名词如：news,maths,physics虽然以¬s结尾，但不是复数。

        Physicsisnoteasytounderstand.3.表示单一概念的动名词、不定式或句子做主语时，谓语动词用单数。“one,either,neither,eachof＋复数名词或代词”做主语时，谓语用单数。如：Whenandwheretogofortheon¬salaryholidayhasnotbeendecidedyet.Eitherofthestoriesisveryfunny.4.表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等的复数名词做主语，通常看作一个整体，谓语动词常用单数。

        如：Tenpoundswasmissingfromthebox.5.aseriesof,akindof,apieceof,apairof，typeof等修饰名词做主语时，通常以量词的单复数形式来决定谓语的单复数。如：Thispairoftrousersfitsyou.Thekindoftheappletastesdelicious.Twoseriesofnewstampshavebeenordered.thiskindofbook=abookofthiskind（这种书），其谓语动词用单数；短语thiskindofmen=menofthiskind=thesekindofmen(口语)（这一类人），但thiskindofmen的谓语动词用单数，menofthiskind和thesekindofmen的谓语动词用复数，allkindsof后跟复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。如：Thiskindofmenisdangerous.Menofthiskindaredangerous.6.thepopulationof…“……的人口数量”作主语时，谓语用单数，但如果是分数/百分数/halfof/therestof＋thepopulation作主语时，谓语则用复数，具体指其中的多少人，复数意义，如：ThepopulationofChinaislargeandabouteightypercentofthepopulationarefarmers.注意：theaverageof…“……的平均数量”，作主语时，谓语用单数。

        7.“the＋adj.”结构指人时，谓语动词用复数；如果表示抽象的概念，谓语动词用单数，如：Thedisabledarewelltakencareofinthiscountry.8.分数、百分数，all,some,therest,halfof,mostof,partof等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数根据其指代的含义确定，如：Mostoftheworkershavegonehomeforaholiday.9.主语为集体名词时，如果表示一个整体，谓语动词用单数；如果指其中的个体，谓语动词用复数。这类集体名词常见的有：army,audience,cattle,class,club,committee,crowd,family,government,group,majority,minority,people,police,public,staff,team等，其中cattle，people，police一般看成复数形式。而有的名词则是单数、复数相同，如sheep,deer,aircraft,mean,fish,works,species,等，做主语时，就必须根据意思来确定其谓语的单复数形式。

        HisfamilyweresittinginthesofawatchingTVwhenIgotthere.Everypossiblemeans________topreventtheairpollution,buttheskyisstillnotclear.AisusedBareusedChasbeenusedDhavebeenused(keys:C)10.当and连接两个并列主语在意义上指同一人、同一物、同一事或者同一概念时，应看作单数，谓语动词用单数形式。另外，当and连接两个形容词修饰一个单数形式的主语时，其实是指两种不同的事物，主语则应该看作是复数，那么谓语动词也应该用复数。如：Warandpeaceisaconstantthemeinhistory.ChineseandJapanesesilkareofgoodquality.注意：英语中并列结构表示整体概念的有：ironandsteel钢铁lawandorder治安breadandbutter黄油面包awatchandchain一块带链的表aknifeandfork刀叉truthandhonesty真诚acoatandtie配有领带的上衣aimandend目的11.what引导的主语从句做主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于作表语的名词的单复数形式。

        如：Whatsurprisedmemostwashisattitudetowardshisstudy.12：such做主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式要根据其意义而定。如：SuchisStephenHawking,whohassufferedagreatdealbutachievedsomuch.13：“quantitiesof＋名词”做主语时，不论名词是复数还是不可数，谓语一律用复数。如：Everydayquantitiesofwaterarewasted.

        三、就近原则:谓语动词根据它前面最邻近的名词或代词或其他词的数的形式，来决定其自身的数的形式。

        例如：Notonlyhischildrenbutalsohehimselfwantstogothere.EithermywifeorIamgoingtoworkthere.规则：1.当连词or,not…but…；either…or…，neither…nor…，notonly…but(also)…等连接两个名词或代词做主语时，谓语动词的形式常与最靠近的词语保持一致。如：EitherIortheyareresponsiblefortheresultofthematter.Eitheryouortheheadmaster______theprizestothesegiftedstudentsatthemeeting(1994上海)AishandingoutBaretohandoutCarehandingoutDistohandout(key:D)2：在倒装句中，谓语与后面desk.

        四、承前一致1.由and连接的gBplayCplaysDhaveplayed(keys:C)2)Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks_______tothenationasagift.(MET1990)AisofferedBhasofferedCareofferedDhaveoffered(keys:A)3)Theteacher,with6girlsand8boysofherclass,______visitingamuseumwhentheearthquakestruck.(NMET2004北京卷)A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.wouldbe4）NobodybutJohnandHelenabsent.I,ratherthanyou，responsiblefortheaccident.巩固练习：1．Thefamilyaswellastheirdog________ontheroofbytheflood.A．wastrappedB．trappedC．weretrappedD．trapping2．Britain________manyotherindustrializedcountries,________majorchangesoverthelast100years.A．togetherwith;haveexperiencedB．aswellas;haveexperiencedC．incommonwith;hasexperiencedD．insteadof;hasexperienced3．Somenecessaryequipmentaswellasfoodandclothes________senttothedisaster¬hitareasincethepowerfulearthquakeoccurred.A．hasbeenB．havebeenC．isbeingD．arebeing4．Isitheoryou________inchargeofthejobandsupposedtocompleteitpunctually?A．whoisB．thatisC．whoareD．whomare5．Anaverageofabout100emailsaweek________received.Such________thecasewithMartinatpresent.A．are;areB．is;isC．is;areD．are;is6．Atlanta,aswellasmanyotherbigcities,________onceagainbecomingoneofthecommercialandculturalcentersoftheUSArightnow.A．isB．areC．hasbeenD．havebeen7．Morethanonestudentinourclass________toShanghaiExpo.A．hasbeenB．havebeenC．isD．are8．Morethan________oftheclassmatesinmyclass________fondofpopmusic.A．twothird;isB．twothirds;isC．secondthird;areD．twothirds;are9．Theteachertogetherwiththestudents________discussingWritingSkillsthat________newlypublishedinAmerica.A．are;wereB．are;wasC．is;wasD．is;were10．Onethirdofthedeer________bythewolveslastnight.A．waseatenB．iseatenC．wereeatenD．areeaten11.Theatmosphereisasmuchapartoftheearthas________itssoilandwaterofitslakes,riversandoceans.A．hasB．doC．isD．are12．SuchpoetsasShakespeare________widelyread，ofwhoseworks，however，some________difficulttounderstand.A．are;areB．is;isC．are;isD．is;are13．Listeningtoloudmusicatrockconcerts________causedhearinglossinsometeenagers.A．isB．areC．hasD．have14．Thesecretaryandheadmasteroftheschool________themeeting.A．weregoingtoB．aregoingtoC．arehavingD．istoattend15．Dr.Smith,togetherwithhiswifeanddaughters,________visitBeijingthissummer.A．isgoingtoB．aregoingtoC．wasgoingtoD．weregoingto巩固练习答案：1.[解析]C考查主谓一致。分析句子结构可以看出，句子缺少谓语动词。

        aswellas当作介词使用，后面的成分不能作主语，主语是Thefamily，在这里指的是一家人，所以谓语动词用复数形式。人是被洪水困住的，所以用被动语态。句意：那家人还有他们饲养的狗都被洪水困到了屋顶。

        2.[解析]C考查主谓一致。incommonwith意为“和……一样”，谓语动词单复数跟前面的主语保持一致。句意：与其他工业化国家一样，英国在过去100年里经历了重大的变化。

        A、B项思及用法与incommonwith类似，均错在verageof＋可数名词复数”，其后的谓语动词则应该用单数。such是指代前面的这样一件事，所以视为单数，故其后谓语动词应该用单数。由此可知选D。

        6.[解析]A考查主谓一致。主语由aswellas连接，故谓语应和Atlanta一致；由语境可知要用一般现在时。7.[解析]A考查主谓一致。

        Morethanone修饰的名词谓语要求用单数形式。8.[解析]Dtwothirds这里指代的是classmates，故谓语用复数。9.[解析]C考查主谓一致。

        主语由togetherwith引导，谓语要和前面的主语一致；that指代WritingSkills，故谓语要用单数。由此可知答案。10.[解析]C考查主谓一致。

        deer的单复数形式相同，这里指三分之一的鹿，故用复数。11.[解析]D考查主谓一致。此处soilandwater是主语，故用are。

        12.[解析]A考查主谓一致。15.[解析]A考查动词时态和主谓一致。主语是Dr.Smith，表单数，谓语动词用单数形式；时间状语是thissummer,表计划性的将来，故时态用一般将来时。

        1—5ACDAB6—10ABADD11—15CCACA